Super Representatives
How TRON elects 27 Super Representatives via DPoS, what SR Partners and SR Candidates do, and how to apply, configure, and operate an SR node.
Prerequisites
TRON's block producers, called Super Representatives (SRs), are elected by stakers' votes. The top 27 candidates by votes produce blocks, share block rewards with their voters, and govern the network through on-chain proposals. This page summarizes the roles and points to the operational and governance guides in this chapter.
At a glance
| Item | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Active SRs (block producers) | 27 | MAX_ACTIVE_WITNESS_NUM |
| Total ranked candidates earning voter rewards | Top 127 | WITNESS_STANDBY_LENGTH |
| Application fee | 9,999 TRX (burned, not staked) | ACCOUNT_UPGRADE_COST |
| Block production reward | 8 TRX per block | Chain parameter #5 |
| Voter reward (shared by top 127) | 128 TRX per block | Chain parameter #31 |
| Default brokerage | 20% (SR keeps 20%, voters share 80%) | DEFAULT_BROKERAGE |
| Maintenance Period | 6 hours | MAINTENANCE_TIME_INTERVAL |
Block rewards and other parameters can be changed by on-chain proposals. Always query wallet/getchainparameters for current values.
Roles
| Role | Vote rank | Block production | Submit proposals | Vote on proposals | Voter rewards |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active SR | Top 27 | Yes | Yes | Yes (counted) | Yes |
| SR Partner (SRP) | 28 – 127 | No | Yes | Approvals recorded but not counted | Yes |
| SR Candidate (SRC) | 128 + | No | Yes | Approvals recorded but not counted | No |
Any account can become an SR Candidate by submitting a WitnessCreateContract transaction and paying the 9,999 TRX fee. At each Maintenance Period boundary the network re-ranks candidates by votes and promotes the new top 27 into the active set.
To vote, an account must first stake TRX to obtain TRON Power. See Voting for SRs for how voting and reward claims work.
In this section
Operating an SR
- Becoming a Super Representative — Apply, register, configure brokerage and SR metadata, run a block-producing node.
- SR node configuration — Separate the block-production key from the owner key with TRON's witness permission.
- SR API configuration — Close unused endpoints, rate-limit gRPC and JSON-RPC, restrict ingress.
- SR best practices — Availability, security, monitoring, community engagement, and upgrades.
Governance
- Committee & proposals — How the 27 active SRs form the governance committee and how proposals are submitted, voted on, and applied.
- Network parameters — Full reference of dynamic parameters the committee can modify, with current values.
Related resources
- Consensus and DPoS — The 27-SR election, block solidification at 19, and the proposal lifecycle.
- Voting for SRs — How to obtain TRON Power and cast votes.
- Vote for Super Representatives — TronWeb recipe: cast votes and claim voting rewards.
- Create a Governance Proposal — TronWeb recipe: submit a proposal and track approvals.
- Reward calculation — How block and voter rewards are computed and claimed.
Updated 7 days ago